Research Progress and Trend Analysis of Rhizosphere Priming Effect Based on Bibliometrics Method
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摘要: 为了解根际激发效应（RPE）的研究进展和趋势，以Web of Science核心合集数据库中216篇RPE的研究论文为数据源，通过CiteSpace、VOS viewer对发文数量、平均/总被引频次及国家、机构、作者等进行了分析。结果表明：RPE研究大致可分为三个阶段：初始期（1984 ~ 1995年）、稳定发展期（1996 ~ 2014年）和快速增长期（2015 ~ 2022年）。美国总发文第一且中介中心性最高，国际影响力最大；中国在2018年后年均发文攀升至第一，在国际影响力方面次于德国，排在第三位。国际上主要以Cheng W、Kuzyakov Y为代表的核心作者群；就研究机构而言，中国科学院发文数量最多。研究热点主要集中在RPE的量化方法、影响因素及调控机制，且大多是采用植物幼苗和在室内盆栽条件下完成的。因此，亟需将室内研究拓展至野外原位条件，综合考虑全球气候变化的影响，改进CO2同位素示踪技术和捕获方法，加强成年树种RPE的种间差异变幅研究，优化Earth-System模型参数，进而准确估算陆地生态系统碳循环对气候变化的响应。Abstract: In order to understand the research progress and trend of rhizosphere priming effect(RPE), 216 research papers on RPE in Web of Science core collection database were used as data sources. The number of published papers, total/average citation frequency, countries, institutions and authors were analyzed by CiteSpace and VOS viewer. The results showed that the research on RPE could be divided into three stages: the preliminary stage (1984-1995), stable development stage (1996-2014) and rapid growth stage (2015-2022). The USA has the largest total number of publications, the highest intermediary centrality and the largest international influence. The average annual number of publications of China has climbed to the first after 2018, but ranking the third in the international influence by following Germany. At present, Cheng W and Kuzyakov Y are the main core authors. Chinese Academy of Sciences has the largest number of publications. The research hotspots mainly focus on the quantitative methods, influencing factors and regulatory mechanisms of RPE, and most of them are completed by plant seedlings and indoor potted conditions. Therefore, it is urgent to expand the indoor research to the in-situ field conditions, comprehensively consider the impact of global climate change, improve the CO2 isotope tracing technique and capture method, strengthen the research on the variation of RPE among adult tree species, optimize the parameters of Earth-System model, and then accurately estimate the response of terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle to climate change.
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图 2 排名前10的国家总发文量与被引频次（a）及排名前5的国家年均发文量（b）
Figure 2. The total publications and citations of the top 10 countries (a) and the annualpublications by the top 5 countries (b)
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图 4 基于VOS viewer分析RPE论文的作者合作图
Figure 4. Network visualization of authors cooperation based on VOS viewer
表 1 发文量前5的机构及其他信息
Table 1 Top 5 most published institutions
序号
Number机构
Institution发文量（篇）
Number of papers总被引频次（次）
Total cited times平均被引频次（次）
Average cited timesH指数
H-index1 中国科学院 45 1150 25.56 15 2 加利福尼亚大学圣克鲁兹分校 40 2773 69.33 22 3 悉尼大学 20 570 28.5 11 4 哥廷根大学 19 1507 79.32 14 5 美国农业部 12 763 63.58 10 
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表 2 发文量前5的作者及其他信息
Table 2 Top 5 most published researchers on rhizosphere priming effect
序号
Number作者
Author所属机构
Institution发文数量（篇）
Papers总被引频次（次）
Total cited times平均被引频次（次）
Average cited timesH指数
H-index1 Cheng 美国加州大学圣克鲁兹分校 42 2875 68.45 24 2 Kuzyakov 德国哥廷根大学 26 5223 200.88 21 3 Dijkstra 澳大利亚悉尼大学 23 1051 45.7 14 4 Wang 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 11 141 12.82 6 5 Phillips 美国印第安纳大学 10 1716 171.6 8
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表 3 碳同位素技术的方法比较
Table 3 Comparison of carbon isotopic techniques
方法
Method原理
Principle优点
Advantage缺点
Limitation参考文献
Reference13C/14C连续标记法 可控密闭标记室供给一定浓度13CO2或14CO2，通过区分植物和土壤来源碳，量化植物光合碳对地下各组分碳的输入。 误差小，丰度高 辐射危害、测量仪器高标、实验场所限制 [52-55] 13C/14C脉冲标记法 可控密闭标记室单次或重复加入标记碳，标记植物地上部后移出，通过光合13C/14C分配乘以植物生物碳的生长率来定量光合碳对地下部各个组分的输入。 灵敏度高、扰动小 标记均匀度有限，需多次标记，在野外难以实现 [49,55-57] 天然13C同位素示踪法 利用不同植物光合途径对12CO2 vs 13CO2的同位素分馏，选用长期C3-C4植被转变土壤，或δ13C差异较大的土壤和植物进行培养（一般应大于10‰），借助二源模型区分根呼吸和土壤呼吸。 无辐射，工作条件限制小，费用低，适合野外原位实验 植物和土壤之间δ13C差值有限 [33,40,59,60]
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表 4 根际激发效应经典假说
Table 4 Classical hypothesis of rhizosphere priming effect
调控机制
Mechanism前提条件
Preconditions核心内容
Content方向
Direction参考文献
Reference养分竞争假说 氮是植物和微生物生长最大的限制元素，矿质氮素供应有限 根系与微生物竞争可利用氮，时间尺度一定程度上决定竞争的结果 + − [43,61-65] 氮挖掘假说 根系大量利用氮素，导致微生物可利用氮受限 低氮有效性促进微生物增加胞外酶的分泌，加速更惰性的土壤有机质分解以获取氮素 + [18,67,68] 底物偏好利用假说 植物根系来源的物质比土壤有机质有更大范围的碳氮比，且植物源碳可利用性较高 矿质营养充足时，土壤微生物倾向于优先利用根系碳源，根际土壤有机质矿化速率下降，矿质营养供应受限时，土壤微生物偏好地利用土壤有机质，根际土壤有机质矿化速率上升 + − [69,70] 微生物活化假说 土壤微生物处于活跃或休眠状态 根际沉积物激活休眠状态的微生物，显著增加休眠土壤微生物数量活性，加快土壤有机质矿化速率 + [67,71,72]
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